Polymer materials (often referred to as plastics) are made up of long-chain molecules created by joining short molecular building blocks in an arrangement that repeats thousands or even millions of times. Plastics have become a vital part of our daily lives because this conceptually simple architecture, like the rungs of a ladder, enables polymers to display an incredible range of mechanical, optical, chemical, and electronic properties. But as engineers, we need to understand how to produce polymer materials whose properties are tightly controlled and match the needs of a desired application. Join me as we learn how the bulk properties of polymer materials can be exquisitely tailored by making tiny changes to their molecular level structure. We will also learn how to measure and quantify these characteristics so that you will be empowered to tackle some of the most important problems you are likely to encounter in engineering practice. And best of all, if you know how to count you’re already well on your way to becoming a polymer expert!
This course will teach you how the physical properties of polymers are intimately tied to their molecular-level structure. Whether you're new to polymers or just need a review, this course is for you!
01
1.1. What are polymers?
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1.2. Importance and impact
1.3. A brief history of polymers: From natural to synthetic materials
1.4. A brief history of polymers: Birth of an industry
1.5. A brief history of polymers: Kevlar and specialty materials
1.6. Course learning objectives
Chapter 1 quiz
Chapter 1 notes
Stephanie Kwolek: Curiosity and the discovery of Kevlar
Looking Ahead Through Rohm & Haas Plexiglas (1947)
Additional resources to learn more about polymers and their history
02
2.1. Polyethylene
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2.2. Polystyrene
2.3. Kevlar
2.4. Poly(lactic acid)
2.5. Poly(dimethyl siloxane)
2.6. DNA
Chapter 2 quiz
Chapter 2 notes
03
3.1. Classifying polymers
3.2. Atomic and molecular level structure
3.3. Secondary structure and copolymers
3.4. Crystallinity and phase behavior
3.5. Reaction and interactions with the environment
3.6. Polymer tacticity
3.7. Conformation and configuration
Chapter 3 quiz
Chapter 3 notes
04
4.1. Introduction to molecular weight
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4.2. Number average molecular weight
4.3. Weight average molecular weight
4.4. Example calculation
4.5. Polydispersity and other molecular weight averages
4.6. Number average molecular weight of a mixture
4.7. Weight average molecular weight of a mixture
Chapter 4 quiz
Chapter 4 notes
05
5.1. Introduction to step growth
5.2. Common step growth polymers: Nylons, PET
5.3. Common step growth polymers: Polycarbonate, polyurethane, Kevlar
5.4. Degree of polymerization and Carothers equation, part 1
5.5. Degre of polymerization and Carothers equation, part 2
5.6. Molecular weight distributions, statistical background
5.7. Number average molecular weight, part 1
5.8. Number average molecular weight, part 2
5.9. Weight average molecular weight and polydispersity
5.10. Step growth kinetics, part 1
5.11. Step growth kinetics, part 2
Chapter 5 quiz
Chapter 5 notes
06
6.1. Introduction to chain growth
6.2. Free radical polymerization: Mechanisms
6.3. Free radical polymerization: Initiation kinetics
6.4. Free radical polymerization: Propagation and termination kinetics
6.5. Free radical polymerization: Overall kinetics
6.6. Free radical polymerization: Chain length
6.7. Free radical polymerization: Chain transfer
6.8. Free radical polymerization: Molecular weight for disproportionation termination
6.9. Free radical polymerization: Molecular weight for combination termination, part 1
6.10. Free radical polymerization: Molecular weight for combination termination, part 2
6.11. Free radical polymerization: Molecular weight for combination termination, part 3
6.12. Free radical polymerization: Molecular weight for combination termination, part 4
Chapter 6 quiz
Chapter 6 notes
07
7.1. Introduction and kinetics of propagation
7.2. Applying the kinetic model to quantify copolymer composition
7.3. The copolymer equation: Fundamentals
7.4. The copolymer equation: Predictions
7.5. Composition drift
7.6. Number average sequence length, part 1
7.7. Number average sequence length, part 2
Chapter 7 quiz
Chapter 7 notes
08
8.1. Cationic polymerization
8.2. Anionic polymerization: Initiation
8.3. Anionic polymerization: Chain length
8.4. Anionic polymerization: Molecular weight, part 1
8.5. Anionic polymerization: Molecular weight, part 2
8.6. Anionic polymerization: Molecular weight, part 3
8.7. Anionic polymerization: Molecular weight, part 4
8.8. Anionic polymerization: Polydispersity
Chapter 8 quiz
Chapter 8 notes
09
9.1. Homogenous polymerization methods
9.2. Heterogeneous polymerization methods
Chapter 9 quiz
Chapter 9 notes
10
10.1. Descriptors of polymer coil size
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10.2. Mean square end-to-end distance
10.3. Freely jointed chain model
10.4. Freely rotating chain model
10.5. Bond rotation constraints and the characteristic ratio
10.6. Radius of gyration
10.7. Long-range interactions and solvent quality
Chapter 10 quiz
Chapter 10 notes
11
11.1. Overview of measurement techniques
11.2. Osmotic pressure, part 1
11.3. Osmotic pressure, part 2
11.4. Dilute solution viscometry, part 1
11.5. Dilute solution viscometry, part 2
11.6. Dilute solution viscometry, part 3
11.7. Gel permeation chromatography, part 1
11.8. Gel permeation chromatography, part 2
Chapter 11 quiz
Chapter 11 notes